Home»Automotive Components» 20 years of practical experience reveals: Complete process and risk control for auto parts imports
——20 Years of Senior Agency Service Experience Practical Guide
As a senior consultant with 20 years of experience in theExport RepresentationWith 20 years of experience as a professional service provider in the industry, we deeply understandAutomotive partsthe complexity and professionalism of imports. This article will systematically analyze the entire process of automotive parts import from a practical operational perspective and provide risk prevention suggestions for industry pain points, helping enterprises achieve efficient and compliant imports.
Preliminary Preparation Stage: Compliance Access and Cost Calculation
1.Three-tier verification of product qualifications
Accurate classification of HS codes: Distinguish between key components (e.g., engine 8708 series) and general accessories (wipers 8512.40). Classification should be determined based on the parts usage (OEM production/after-sales maintenance) to avoid tariff deviations due to incorrect HS codes (e.g., transmission oil classified under 3403.19 with a 6% tariff, while misclassification under 8708 would face a 10% tariff).
Verification of access certifications:
EU market: e-mark certification (ECE R90 brake pad certification), REACH regulations (heavy metal content in rubber parts);
US market: DOT certification (FMVSS 108 standard for lights), CARB certification (emission-related components);
Chinese market: CCC certification (47 types of products including seat belts and tires), with special scenarios requiring advance application for CCC Exemption Certificate (e.g., limited imports for maintenance purposes).
Application of rules of origin: Fully utilize free trade agreements (e.g., 0% tariff for Japanese pistons under RCEP), and verifyIt is recommended to verify through the following methods:format (back-to-back certificates of origin apply to transit trade).
2.Dynamic tariff cost calculation model
Basic taxes: tariff + 13% VAT (New energyauto parts may enjoy reduction policies) + consumption tax (for displacement-related components);
Cost optimization strategies:
Advance classification ruling (Announcement No. 14 of the General Administration of Customs 2018) applied 3 months in advance to lock in HS code risks;
Consolidated tax payment (one guarantee for multiple uses model to reduce capital pressure);
Free trade zone warehousing and distribution (delayed tax payment + order splitting optimization).
Customs Clearance Practices: Full-process Node Control
1.Key actions in the declaration process
Completeness of Declaration Elements: Brand/model/applicable vehicle model (must be precise to the first 8 digits of the VIN code), material (percentage of metal components), functional principle (programming method for electronic control units ECU must be specified);
Document management points:
The commercial invoice must indicate the trade terms (CIF/FOB adjusted dutiable value);
Original manufacturer authorization letter (to prevent trademark infringement, especially for highly sensitive brands such as Mercedes-Benz, BMW, etc.);
Technical parameter manual (for turbochargers, pressure ratio and flow rate data must be provided).
Missing Chinese warning labels (e.g., airbags must be labeled Store below 40°C before installation);
Tires must indicate the production week (DOT XXYY format, where YY represents the year);
Sampling and inspection handling:
If brake pad friction coefficient testing (GB 5763-2018 standard) fails, re-inspection or return shipment can be requested;
Lubricating oil flash point testing deviations can be appealed by providing the original manufacturers MSDS.
Back-end supply chain management: Delivery timeliness and risk closure
Special warehousing solutions
Precision components (ECU modules): Constant temperature and humidity warehouse (temperature 22±2°C, humidity 45%-60%);
Hazardous goods (airbags classified as UN0503): Independent storage in Class A hazardous chemical warehouses;
JIT distribution: Utilizing bonded warehouses to achieve Hong Kong warehouse inventory + Shenzhen factory hourly-level delivery.
2.Quality dispute resolution mechanisms
On-site arrival inspection: Based on AQL sampling standards (GB/T 2828.1), batch quality issues must be reported with test results within 72 hours;
Return shipment for repair operations: Apply for the Declaration Form for Outbound Repair Goods, and the repair period must be controlled within 6 months to avoid taxation;
Warranty claim coordination: Coordinate with overseas suppliers to initiate the RMA process while preparing force majeure certificates (e.g.,Maritime Transportationmoisture-induced wire harness oxidation).
Industry-specific issue alerts
1.Intellectual property red lines
OEM manufacturing scenarios: Verify the validity of the Parallel Import Authorization Letter (focusing on the BMW vs. Ningbo Free Trade Zone case);
Appearance patent conflicts: Search the Chinese appearance patent database for components like wheels and grilles before import (as of 2023, Tesla has registered 21 wheel design patents).
2.Response to upgraded environmental regulations
EU New Battery Regulation (effective 2027): Requires a battery carbon footprint statement, affecting imports of start-stop battery packs;
China National VI emission standards: Catalytic converters must obtain type test reports in advance.
Classic case reviews
Case 1: A companys imported Mercedes-Benz drive shaft was detained by customs
Issue: Failed to obtain secondary distribution authorization from Daimler Group
Solution: Initiated customs intellectual property protection procedures (general guarantee filing) and submitted a trademark usage consent letter for release.
Case 2: Controversy over the return of imported new energy vehicle motors from South Korea
Issue: Rare earth composition of magnets does not comply with the Regulations on the Management of Ozone-Depleting Substances
Resolution: Apply for pre-shipment inspection (obtain compliance certificate from South Koreas KTC agency), re-declare for customs clearance
Conclusion
Automotive parts imports involve complex technical regulations and stringent quality control requirements. Choosing an agency service provider with mechanical and electrical product import qualifications (Customs AEO Advanced Certification), overseas inspection teams (such as TüV Germany partners), and self-operated bonded warehouses can significantly reduce supply chain risks. It is recommended that enterprises establish an import compliance management system (refer to ISO 37301 standard) to achieve full-cycle control from order to delivery.
(Note: Data in this article is current as of Q3 2023. Specific operations should comply with the latest regulations)
To obtain the China Automotive Parts Import Compliance White Paper or customized supply chain solutions, please contact our professional advisory team.
PSB Record: Shanghai No.31011502009912 
